Holistic evaluation of a bioeconomy idea, be that a feedstock, technology, or system, is required to properly understand the impacts and implications of the transition from conventional, fossil resource depleting economy, to a sustainable bioeconomy. The overall goal of these projects was to advance thinking about how life cycle thinking, which is now widely adopted by policy makers in the European Union, can be used to better understanding the impacts (social, environmental, and economic) of bioeconomy projects.